- In 1986, Hirotaka Takeuchi and Ikujiro Nonaka described a new holistic approach which increases
speed and flexibility in commercial new product development:[2] They compare this new holistic approach, in which the phases strongly overlap and the whole process is performed by one cross- functional team across the different phases, to RUGBY, where the whole team "tries to go to the distance as a unit". The case studies come from the automotive, photo machine, computer and printer industries. Check where Google is applying this RUGBY concept
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